Guidelines on Management of Cancer Pain:  Bibliography

American Society of Anesthesiologists

 

1. Adams F, Cruz L, Deachman MJ, Zamora E: Focal subdermal toxicity with subcutaneous opioid infusion in patients with cancer pain. Journal of Pain & Symptom Management 4:31-33, 1989

 

2. Aguilar JL, Montes A, Samper D, Roca G, Vidal F: Interpleural analgesia through a DuPen catheter for lung cancer pain. Cancer 70:2621-2623, 1992

 

3. Ahlgren FI, Ahlgren MB: Epidural administration of opiates by a new device. Pain 31:353-357, 1987

 

4. Ali NM, Hanna N, Hoffman JS: Percutaneous epidural catheterization for intractable pain in terminal cancer patients. Gynecologic Oncology 32:22-25, 1989

 

5. Ali NM, Hoffman JS: Tolerance during long-term administration of intrathecal morphine. Connecticut Medicine 53:266-268, 1989

 

6. Allum WH, Mack P, Priestman TJ, Fielding JW: Radiotherapy for pain relief in locally recurrent colorectal cancer. Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England 69:220-221, 1987

 

7. Amano K, Kawamura H, Tanikawa T, Kawabatake H, Iseki H, Iwata Y: Bilateral versus unilateral percutaneous high cervical cordotomy as a surgical method of pain relief. Acta Neurochirurgica - Supplementum 52:143-145, 1991

 

8. Andersen HB, Kjaergard J, Eriksen J: Subcutaneously implanted injection system for epidural administration. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica 30:473-476, 1986

 

9. Andersen PE, Cohen JI, Everts EC, Bedder MD, Burchiel KJ: Intrathecal narcotics for relief of pain from head and neck cancer. Archives of Otolaryngology -- Head & Neck Surgery 117:1277-1280, 1991

 

10. Arbit E, Galicich JH, Burt M, Mallya K: Modified open thoracic rhizotomy for treatment of intractable chest wall pain of malignant etiology. Ann Thorac Surg 48:820-823, 1989

 

11. Arner S, Arner B: Differential effects of epidural morphine in the treatment of cancer-related pain. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica 29:32-36, 1985

 

12. Ashburn MA, Fine PG, Stanley TH: Oral transmucosal fentanyl citrate for the treatment of breakthrough cancer pain: a case report. Anesthesiology 71:615-617, 1989

 

13. Ashby MA, Fleming BG, Brooksbank M, Rounsefell B, Runciman WB, Muirden N, Smith M: Description of a mechanistic approach to pain management in advanced cancer. Preliminary report. Pain 51:153-161, 1992

 

14. Bach F, Larsen BH, Rohde K, Borgesen SE, Gjerris F, Boge-Rasmussen T, Rasmusson B, Stjernholm P, Sorensen PS: Metastatic spinal cord compression. Occurrence, symptoms, clinical presentations and prognosis in 398 patients with spinal cord compression. Acta Neurochirurgica 107:37-43, 1990

 

15. Baines M, Oliver DJ, Carter RL: Medical management of intestinal obstruction in patients with advanced malignant disease: a clinical and pathological study. Lancet ii:990-993, 1985

 

16. Banning A, Sjogren P, Henriksen H: Treatment outcome in a multidisciplinary cancer pain clinic [see comments]. Pain 47:129-34; discussion 127, 1991

 

17. Barak F, Werner A, Walach N, et al: The palliative efficacy of a single high dose of radiation in treatment of symptomatic osseous metastases. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 13:1233-1235, 1987(Abstract)

 

18. Barber J: Hypnosis as a psychological technique in the management of cancer pain. Cancer Nursing 1:361-363, 1978

 

19. Barkwell DP: Ascribed meaning: a critical factor in coping and pain attenuation in patients with cancer-related pain. Journal of Palliative Care 7:5-14, 1991

 

20. Batzdorf U, Brechner VL: Management of pain associated with the pancoaste syndrome. American Journal of Surgery 137:638-646, 1979

 

21. Baumann TJ, Batenhorst RL, Graves DA, Foster TS, Bennett RL: Patient-controlled analgesia in the terminally ill cancer patient. Drug Intelligence & Clinical Pharmacy 20:297-301, 1986

 

22. Bedder MD, Burchiel K, Larson A: Cost analysis of two implantable narcotic delivery systems. Journal Of Pain And Symptom Management 6:368-373, 1991

 

23. Bengtsson M, Lofstrom JB: Nerve block in pancreatic pain. Acta Chirurgica Scandinavica 156:285-291, 1990

 

24. Benson RC, Jr., Hasan SM, Jones AG, Schlise S: External beam radiotherapy for palliation of pain from metastatic carcinoma of the prostate. Journal of Urology 127:69-71, 1982

 

25. Benzon HT: Convulsions secondary to intravascular phenol: a hazard of celiac plexus block. Anesthesia and Analgesia 58:150-151, 1979

 

26. Berde CB, Fischel N, Filardi JP, Coe CS, Grier HE, Bernstein SC: Caudal epidural morphine analgesia for an infant with advanced neuroblastoma: report of a case. Pain 36:219-223, 1989

 

27. Bigler D, Christensen CB, Eriksen J, Jensen NH: Morphine, morphine-6-glucuronide and morphine-3-glucuronide concentrations in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid during long-term high-dose intrathecal morphine administration. Pain 41:15-18, 1990

 

28. Birnbaum PL, Mercer CD: Laser fulguration for palliation of rectal tumours. Canadian Journal of Surgery 33:299-301, 1990

 

29. Blanchard J, Menk E, Ramamurthy S, Hoffman J: Subarachnoid and epidural calcitonin in patients with pain due to metastatic cancer. Journal of Pain & Symptom Management 5:42-45, 1990

 

30. Boersma FP, Buist AB, Thie J: Epidural pain treatment in the northern Netherlands. Organizational and treatment aspects. Acta Anaesthesiologica Belgica 38:213-216, 1987

 

31. Boersma FP, Noorduin H, Vanden Bussche G: Epidural sufentanil for cancer pain control in outpatients. Regional Anesthesia 14:293-297, 1989

 

32. Bosch DA: Stereotactic rostral mesencephalotomy in cancer pain and deafferentation pain. A series of 40 cases with follow-up results [see comments]. Journal of Neurosurgery 75:747-751, 1991

 

33. Breivik H, Rennemo F: Clinical evaluation of combined treatment with methadone and psychotropic drugs in cancer patients. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica Supplementum 74:135-140, 1982

 

34. Brown DL: A retrospective analysis of neurolytic celiac plexus block for nonpancreatic intra-abdominal cancer pain. Regional Anesthesia 14:63-65, 1989

 

35. Brown DL, Bulley CK, Quiel EL: Neurolytic celiac plexus block for pancreatic cancer pain. Anesthesia & Analgesia 66:869-873, 1987

 

36. Bruera E, Brenneis C, Michaud M, Bacovsky R, Chadwick S, Emeno A: Use of the subcutaneous route for the administration of narcotics in patients with cancer pain. Cancer 62:407-411, 1988

 

37. Bruera E, Brenneis C, Michaud M, Chadwick S, MacDonald RN: Continuous sc infusion of narcotics using a portable disposable device in patients with advanced cancer. Cancer Treatment Reports 71:635-637, 1987

 

38. Bruera E, Brenneis C, Michaud M, Macmillan K, Hanson J, MacDonald RN: Patient-controlled subcutaneous hydromorphone versus continuous subcutaneous infusion for the treatment of cancer pain. Journal of the National Cancer Institute 80:1152-1154, 1988

 

39. Bruera E, Brenneis C, Paterson AH, MacDonald RN: Use of methylphenidate as an adjuvant to narcotic analgesics in patients with advanced cancer. Journal of Pain & Symptom Management 4:3-6, 1989

 

40. Bruera E, Carraro S, Roca E, Barugel M, Chacon R: Double-blind evaluation of the effects of mazindol on pain, depression, anxiety, appetite, and activity in terminal cancer patients. Cancer Treatment Reports 70:295-298, 1986

 

41. Bruera E, Fainsinger R, Moore M, Thibault R, Spoldi E, Ventafridda V: Local toxicity with subcutaneous methadone. Experience of two centers [see comments]. Pain 45:141-143, 1991

 

42. Bruera E, Legris MA, Kuehn N, Miller MJ: Hypodermoclysis for the administration of fluids and narcotic analgesics in patients with advanced cancer. Journal of Pain & Symptom Management 5:218-220, 1990

 

43. Bruera E, MacDonald N, Brenneis C, Simpson I, LeGatt D: Metoclopramide infusion with a disposable pump. Annals of Internal Medicine 104(6):8961986

 

44. Bruera E, Macmillan K, Hanson J, MacDonald RN: Palliative care in a cancer center: results in 1984 versus 1987. Journal of Pain & Symptom Management 5:1-5, 1990

 

45. Bruera E, Macmillan K, Kuehn N, Hanson J, MacDonald RN: A controlled trial of megestrol acetate on appetite, caloric intake, nutritional status, and other symptoms in patients with advanced cancer. Cancer 66:1279-1282, 1990

 

46. Bruera E, Macmillan K, Pither J, MacDonald RN: Effects of morphine on the dyspnea of terminal cancer patients. Journal of Pain & Symptom Management 5:341-344, 1990

 

47. Bruera E, Miller MJ: Non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema after narcotic treatment for cancer pain. Pain 39:297-300, 1989

 

48. Bruera E, Miller MJ, Macmillan K, Kuehn N: Neuropsychological effects of methylphenidate in patients receiving a continuous infusion of narcotics for cancer pain. Pain 48:163-166, 1992

 

49. Bruera E, Schoeller T, Fainsinger RL, Kastelan C: Custom-made suppositories of methadone for severe cancer pain. Journal Of Pain And Symptom Management 7:372-374, 1992

 

50. Bruera E, Schoeller T, Montejo G: Organic hallucinosis in patients receiving high doses of opiates for cancer pain. Pain 48:397-399, 1992

 

51. Bruera ED, Chadwick S, Bacovsky R, MacDonald N: Continuous subcutaneous infusion of narcotics using a portable disposable pump. Journal Of Palliative Care 1:46-47, 1985

 

52. Bryant DD, DeWitty RL, Jr., Dennis GC: The Infusaid pump in the management of intractable cancer pain. Journal of the National Medical Association 79:305-311, 1987

 

53. Buy JN, Moss AA, Singler RC: CT guided celiac plexus and splanchnic nerve neurolysis. Journal Of Computer Assisted Tomography 6:315-319, 1982

 

54. Campbell CF, Mason JB, Weiler JM: Continuous subcutaneous infusion of morphine for the pain of terminal malignancy. Annals Of Internal Medicine 98:51-52, 1983

 

55. Campora E, Merlini L, Pace M, Bruzzone M, Luzzani M, Gottlieb A: The incidence of narcotic-induced emesis. Journal of Pain & Symptom Management 6:428-430, 1991

 

56. Caputi CA, Busca G, Fogliardi F, Giugliano F: Evaluation of tolerance in long-term treatment of cancer pain with epidural morphine. International Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, Therapy, & Toxicology 21:587-590, 1983

 

57. Carey PO, Lippert MC: Treatment of painful prostatic bone metastases with oral etidronate disodium. Urology 32:403-407, 1988

 

58. Carl P, Crawford ME, Ravlo O, Bach V: Longterm treatment with epidural opioids. A retrospective study comprising 150 patients treated with morphine chloride and buprenorphine. Anaesthesia 41:32-38, 1986

 

59. Carlisle DW, Smith KA, Frank E, Meyers FJ: Intraventricular morphine administered by hospice nurses to a patient in intractable pain. American Journal of Hospice Care 6(4):36-39, 1989

 

60. Carlson RW, Borrison RA, Sher HB, Eisenberg PD, Mowry PA, Wolin EM: A multiinstitutional evaluation of the analgesic efficacy and safety of ketorolac tromethamine, acetaminophen plus codeine, and placebo in cancer pain. Pharmacotherapy 10:211-216, 1990

 

61. Cassileth PA, Lusk EJ, Torri S, Di Nubile N, Gerson SL: Anti-emetic efficacy of dexamethasone therapy in patients receiving cancer chemotherapy. Archives of Internal Medicine 143:1347-1349, 1983

 

62. Caute B, Monsarrat B, Gouarderes C, Verdie JC, Lazorthes Y, Cros J: CSF morphine levels after lumbar intrathecal administration of isobaric and hyperbaric solutions for cancer pain. Pain 32:141-146, 1988

 

63. Chan A, Woodruff RK: Palliative care in a general teaching hospital. 1. Assessment of needs. Medical Journal of Australia 155:597-599, 1991

 

64. Choi CR, Ha YS, Ahn MS, Lee JS, Song JU: Intraventricular or epidural injection of morphine for severe pain. Neurochirurgia 32:180-183, 1989

 

65. Citron ML, Johnston-Early A, Boyer M, Krasnow SH, Hood M, Cohen MH: Patient-controlled analgesia for severe cancer pain. Archives of Internal Medicine 146:734-736, 1986

 

66. Citron ML, Johnston-Early A, Fossieck BE, Jr., Krasnow SH, Franklin R, Cohen MH: Safety and efficacy of continuous intravenous morphine for severe cancer pain. American Journal of Medicine 77:199-204, 1984

 

67. Citron ML, Kalra JM, Seltzer VL, Chen S, Hoffman M, Walczak MB: Patient-controlled analgesia for cancer pain: a long-term study of inpatient and outpatient use. Cancer Investigation 10:335-341, 1992

 

68. Cleeland CS, Gonin R, Hatfield AK, Edmonson JH, Blum RH, Stewart JA: Pain and its treatment in outpatients with metastatic cancer. New England Journal of Medicine 330:592-596, 1994

 

69. Cobb CA, French BN, Smith KA: Intrathecal morphine for pelvic and sacral pain caused by cancer. Surgical Neurology 22:63-68, 1984

 

70. Collins TM, Ash DV, Close HJ: An evaluation of the palliative role of radiotherapy in inoperable carcinoma of the bronchus. Clin Radiol 39:284-286, 1988

 

71. Cook PR, Campbell FN, Puddy BR: Pituitary alcohol injection for cancer pain. Use in a district general hospital. Anaesthesia 39:540-545, 1984

 

72. Coombs DW, Maurer LH, Saunders RL, Gaylor M: Outcomes and complications of continuous intraspinal narcotic analgesia for cancer pain control. Journal of Clinical Oncology 2:1414-1420, 1984

 

73. Coombs DW, Saunders RL, Fratkin JD, Jensen LE, Murphy CA: Continuous intrathecal hydromorphone and clonidine for intractable cancer pain. Journal of Neurosurgery 64:890-894, 1986

 

74. Coombs DW, Saunders RL, Gaylor MS, Block AR, Colton T, Harbaugh R, Mroz W: Relief of continuous chronic pain by intraspinal narcotics infusion via an implanted reservoir. JAMA 250:2336-2339, 1983

 

75. Corssen G, Holcomb MC, Moustapha I, Langford K, Vitek JJ, Ceballos R: Alcohol-induced adenolysis of the pituitary gland: a new approach to control of intractable cancer pain. Anesthesia & Analgesia 56:414-421, 1977

 

76. Coyle N: A model of continuity of care for cancer patients with chronic pain. Medical Clinics Of North America 71:259-270, 1987

 

77. Coyle N: Continuity of care for the cancer patient with chronic pain. Cancer 63:2289-2293, 1989

 

78. Coyle N, Mauskop A, Maggard J, Foley KM: Continuous subcutaneous infusions of opiates in cancer patients with pain. Oncology Nursing Forum 13:53-57, 1986

 

79. Coyle N, Monzillo E, Losalzo M, Farkas C, Massie MJ, Foley KM: A model of continuity of care for cancer patients with pain and neuro-oncologic complications. Cancer Nursing 8:111-119, 1985

 

80. Crul BJ, Delhaas EM: Technical complications during long-term subarachnoid or epidural administration of morphine in terminally ill cancer patients: a review of 140 cases. Regional Anesthesia 16:209-213, 1991

 

81. Cubeddu LX, Pendergrass K, Ryan T, York M, Burton G, Meshad M, Ciociola AA: Efficacy of oral ondansetron, a selective antagonist of 5-HT3 receptors, in the treatment of nausea and vomiting associated with cyclophosphamide-based chemotherapies. Ondansetron Study Group [see comments]. American Journal of Clinical Oncology 17:137-146, 1994

 

82. De Conno F, Caraceni A, Aldrighetti L, Magnani G, Ferla G, Comi G: Paraplegia following coeliac plexus block. Pain 55:383-385, 1993

 

83. De Conno F, Ripamonti C, Sbanotto A, Barletta L, Zecca E, Martini C: A clinical study on the use of codeine, oxycodone, dextropropoxyphene, buprenorphine, and pentazocine in cancer pain. Journal of Pain & Symptom Management 6:423-427, 1991

 

84. de Cuyper C, Goeteyn M: Systemic contact dermatitis from subcutaneous hydromorphone. Contact Dermatitis 27:220-223, 1992

 

85. de Leon-Casasola OA, Kent E, Lema MJ: Neurolytic superior hypogastric plexus block for chronic pelvic pain associated with cancer. Pain 54:145-151, 1993

 

86. DeChristoforo R, Corden BJ, Hood JC, Narang PK, Magrath IT: High-dose morphine infusion complicated by chlorobutanol-induced somnolence. Annals Of Internal Medicine 98:335-336, 1983

 

87. Dennis GC, DeWitty R: Management of intractable pain in cancer patients by implantable morphine infusion systems. Journal of the National Medical Association 79:939-944, 1987

 

88. Dennis GC, DeWitty RL: Long-term intraventricular infusion of morphine for intractable pain in cancer of the head and neck. Neurosurgery 26:404-7; discussion 407, 1990

 

89. Denobile J, Chester W, Etienne HB, Ghosh BC: Long-term epidural pain relief using a totally implantable access system. Journal of Surgical Oncology 43:92-93, 1990

 

90. Devulder J: PCA and cancer pain. Acta Anaesthesiologica Belgica 43:53-56, 1992

 

91. Downing JE, Busch EH, Stedman PM: Epidural morphine delivered by a percutaneous epidural catheter for outpatient treatment of cancer pain [see comments]. Anesthesia & Analgesia 67:1159-1161, 1988

 

92. Drexel H, Dzien A, Spiegel RW, Lang AH, Breier C, Abbrederis K, Braunsteiner H: Treatment of severe cancer pain by low-dose continuous subcutaneous morphine. Pain 36:169-176, 1989

 

93. Driessen JJ, de Mulder PH, Claessen JJ, van Diejen D, Wobbes T: Epidural administration of morphine for control of cancer pain: long-term efficacy and complications. Clinical Journal of Pain 5:217-222, 1989

 

94. Du Pen SL, Kharasch ED, Williams A, Peterson DG, Sloan DC, Krembs AW: Chronic epidural bupivacaine-opioid infusion in intractable cancer pain [see comments]. Pain 49:293-300, 1992

 

95. Du Pen SL, Peterson DG, Bogosian AC, Ramsey DH, Larson C, Omoto M: A new permanent exteriorized epidural catheter for narcotic self-administration to control cancer pain. Cancer 59:986-993, 1987

 

96. Du Pen SL, Williams AR: Management of patients receiving combined epidural morphine and bupivacaine for the treatment of cancer pain. Journal of Pain & Symptom Management 7:125-127, 1992

 

97. Du Pen SL, Williams AR: The dilemma of conversion from systemic to epidural morphine: a proposed conversion tool for treatment of cancer pain. Pain 56:113-118, 1994

 

98. Duthie AM, Ingham V, Dell AE, Dennett JE: Pituitary cryoablation. The results of treatment using a transphenoidal cryoprobe. Anaesthesia 38:448-451, 1983

 

99. Eisenach JC, Rauck RL, Buzzanell C, Lysak SZ: Epidural clonidine analgesia for intractable cancer pain: phase I. Anesthesiology 71:647-652, 1989

 

100. Engquist A, Chraemmer Jorgensen B, Andersen HB: Epidural morphine induced catatonia. Lancet ii:984, 1980

 

101. Erdine S, Aldemir T: Long-term results of peridural morphine in 225 patients. Pain 45:155-159, 1991

 

102. Eriksson MB, Lindahl S, Nyquist JK: Experimental cutaneous pain thresholds and tolerance in clinical analgesia with epidural morphine. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica 26:654-657, 1982

 

103. Esposito S, Bruni P, Delitala A, Canova A, Hernandez R, Callovini GM: Therapeutic approach to the Pancoast pain syndrome. Applied Neurophysiology 48:262-266, 1985

 

104. Esposito S, Delitala A: Transoval administration of opiates into trigeminal cistern for cancer pain. Preliminary report. Neurochirurgia 34:116-118, 1991

 

105. Estap'e J, Vinolas N, Gonz'alez B, Ingl'es F, Bofill T, Guzm'an MC, Tarrag'o E: Ketorolac, a new non-opioid analgesic: a double-blind trial versus pentazocine in cancer pain. Journal Of International Medical Research 18:298-304, 1990

 

106. Ettinger DS, Vitale PJ, Trump DL: Important clinical pharmacologic considerations in the use of methadone in cancer patients. Cancer Treatment Reports 63:457-459, 1979

 

107. Fainsinger R, Miller MJ, Bruera E, Hanson J, MacEachern T: Symptom control during the last week of life on a palliative care unit. Journal of Palliative Care 7:5-11, 1991

 

108. Felsoory A, Crue BL: Results of 19 years experience with sacral rhizotomy for perineal and perianal cancer pain. Pain 2:431-433, 1976

 

109. Fernandez F, Adams F, Holmes VF: Analgesic effect of alprazolam in patients with chronic, organic pain of malignant origin. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology 7:167-169, 1987

 

110. Ferris FD, Kerr IG, De Angelis C, Sone M, Hume S: Inpatient narcotic infusions for patients with cancer pain. Journal of Palliative Care 6:51-59, 1990

 

111. Ferris FD, Kerr IG, Sone M, Marcuzzi M: Transdermal scopolamine use in the control of narcotic-induced nausea. Journal of Pain & Symptom Management 6:389-393, 1991

 

112. Filshie J, Golding S, Robbie DS, Husband JE: Unilateral computerised tomography guided coeliac plexus block: a technique for pain relief. Anaesthesia 38:498-503, 1983

 

113. Findler G, Olshwang D, Hadani M: Continuous epidural morphine treatment for intractable pain in terminal cancer patients. Pain 14:311-315, 1982

 

114. Fineman SP: Long-term post-thoracotomy cancer pain management with interpleural bupivacaine. Anesthesia & Analgesia 68:694-697, 1989

 

115. Fishman B, Loscalzo M: Cognitive-behavioral interventions in management of cancer pain: Principles and applications. Med Clin North Am 71:271-287, 1987

 

116. Fleming U: Relaxation therapy for far-advanced cancer. Practitioner 229:471-475, 1985

 

117. Follett KA, Hitchon PW, Piper J, Kumar V, Clamon G, Jones MP: Response of intractable pain to continuous intrathecal morphine: a retrospective study. Pain 49:21-25, 1992

 

118. Francaviglia N, Silvestro C, Carta F, Davini V, Perria C, Cipolla PV: Subarachnoid buprenorphine administered by implantable micropumps. Acta Neurochirurgica 102:62-68, 1990

 

119. Frank F, Fabrizi AP, Gaist G, Weigel K, Mundinger F: Stereotactic mesencephalotomy versus multiple thalamotomies in the treatment of chronic cancer pain syndromes. Applied Neurophysiology 50:314-318, 1987

 

120. Fujita Y: CT-guided neurolytic splanchnic nerve block with alcohol. Pain 55:363-366, 1993

 

121. Gildenberg PL: Myelotomy and percutaneous cervical cordotomy for the treatment of cancer pain. Applied Neurophysiology 47:208-215, 1984

 

122. Gildenberg PL, Hirshberg RM: Limited myelotomy for the treatment of intractable cancer pain. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry 47:94-96, 1984

 

123. Glare P, Lickiss JN: Unrecognized constipation in patients with advanced cancer: a recipe for therapeutic disaster. Journal of Pain & Symptom Management 7:369-371, 1992

 

124. Glynn CJ, Lloyd JW, Folkhard S: Ventilatory response to intractable pain. Pain 11:201-211, 1981

 

125. Goisis A, Gorini M, Ratti R, Luliri P: Application of a WHO protocol on medical therapy for oncologic pain in an internal medicine hospital. Tumori 75:470-472, 1989

 

126. Gonski A, Sackelariou R: Cryohypophysectomy for the relief of pain in malignant disease. Medical Journal of Australia 140:140-142, 1984

 

127. Gonzales GR, Coyle N: Treatment of cancer pain in a former opioid abuser: fears of the patient and staff and their influence on care. Journal of Pain & Symptom Management 7:246-249, 1992

 

128. Gonzales GR, Elliott KJ, Portenoy RK, Foley KM: The impact of a comprehensive evaluation in the management of cancer pain. Pain 47:141-144, 1991

 

129. Goucke R: Continuous intrathecal analgesia with opioid/local anaesthetic mixture for cancer pain. Anaesthesia & Intensive Care 21:222-223, 1993

 

130. Gourlay GK, Cherry DA, Cousins MJ: A comparative study of the efficacy and pharmacokinetics of oral methadone and morphine in the treatment of severe pain in patients with cancer. Pain 25:297-312, 1986

 

131. Gourlay GK, Plummer JL, Cherry DA, Onley MM, Parish KA, Wood MM: Comparison of intermittent bolus with continuous infusion of epidural morphine in the treatment of severe cancer pain. Pain 47:135-140, 1991

 

132. Greenberg HS, Taren J, Ensminger WD, Doan K: Benefit from and tolerance to continuous intrathecal infusion of morphine for intractable cancer pain. Journal Of Neurosurgery 57:360-364, 1982

 

133. Grochow L, Sheidler V, Grossman S, Green L, Enterline J: Does intravenous methadone provide longer lasting analgesia than intravenous morphine? A randomized, double-blind study [see comments]. Pain 38:151-157, 1989

 

134. Grond S, Zech D, Lynch J, Diefenbach C, Schug SA, Lehmann KA: Validation of World Health Organization guidelines for pain relief in head and neck cancer. A prospective study. Annals of Otology, Rhinology & Laryngology 102:342-348, 1993

 

135. Grond S, Zech D, Schug SA, Lynch J, Lehmann KA: The importance of non-opioid analgesics for cancer pain relief according to the guidelines of the World Health Organization. International Journal Of Clinical Pharmacology Research 11:253-260, 1991

 

136. Grond S, Zech D, Schug SA, Lynch J, Lehmann KA: Validation of World Health Organization guidelines for cancer pain relief during the last days and hours of life. Journal of Pain & Symptom Management 6:411-422, 1991

 

137. Gye RS, Stanworth PA, Stewart JA, Adams CB: Cryohypophysectomy for bone pain of metastatic breast cancer. Pain 6:201-206, 1979

 

138. Haaga JR, Kori SH, Eastwood DW, Borkowski GP: Improved technique for CT-guided celiac ganglia block. Ajr American Journal Of Roentgenology 142:1201-1204, 1984

 

139. Hankemeir U: Neurolytic celiac plexus block for cancer-related upper abdominal pain using the unilateral puncture technique and lateral position (Abstr). Pain supp 4:s135, 1987

 

140. Hanks GW, Twycross RG, Bliss JM: Controlled release morphine tablets: a double-blind trial in patients with advanced cancer. Anaesthesia 42:840-844, 1987

 

141. Hanna MH, et al: Efficacy and CSF pharmacokinetics of intrathecal morphine-6-clucuronide: comparison with morphine. British Journal of Anaesthesia 64:547-550, 1990

 

142. Hardy PA, Wells JC: Patient-controlled intrathecal morphine for cancer pain. A method used to assess morphine requirements and bolus doses. Clinical Journal of Pain 6:57-59, 1990

 

143. Hashimoto Y, Takarada M, Tanioka H, Rigor BM: Treatment of cancer pain of the head and neck by continuous intravenous infusion of high-dose morphine: report of two cases. Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery 48:398-400, 1990

 

144. Hassenbusch SJ, Pillay PK, Barnett GH: Radiofrequency cingulotomy for intractable cancer pain using stereotaxis guided by magnetic resonance imaging. Neurosurgery 27:220-223, 1990

 

145. Hassenbusch SJ, Pillay PK, Magdinec M, Currie K, Bay JW, CovingtonEC., Tomaszewski MZ: Constant infusion of morphine for intractable cancer pain using an implanted pump [see comments]. Journal of Neurosurgery 73:405-409, 1990

 

146. Heim ME, Romer W, Queisser W: Clinical experience with levonantradol hydrochloride in the prevention of cancer chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 21:86S-89S, 1981

 

147. Hendrickx P, Abou Hatem R, Nicaise C: Implantable injection port for epidural opiates self-administration. Acta Anaesthesiologica Belgica 35 Suppl:279-284, 1984

 

148. Hensley JR: Continuous SC morphine for cancer pain. American Journal Of Nursing 91:98-101, 1991

 

149. Herbst LH, Strause LG: Transdermal fentanyl use in hospice home-care patients with chronic cancer pain. Journal of Pain & Symptom Management 7:S54-S57, 1992

 

150. Higginson I, McCarthy M: Measuring symptoms in terminal cancer: are pain and dyspnoea controlled? Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 82:264-267, 1989

 

151. Hill HF, Jacobson RC, Coda BA, Mackie AM: A computer-based system for controlling plasma opioid concentration according to patient need for analgesia. Clinical Pharmacokinetics 20:319-330, 1991

 

152. Hiraga K, Mizuguchi T, Takeda F: The incidence of cancer pain and improvement of pain management in Japan. Postgraduate Medical Journal 67 Suppl 2:S14-25, 1991

 

153. Hirsh LF, Thanki A, Nowak T: Sudden loss of pain control with morphine pump due to catheter migration. Neurosurgery 17:965-967, 1985

 

154. Hoffman M, Provatas A, Lyver A, Kanner R: Pain management in the opioid-addicted patient with cancer. Cancer 68:1121-1122, 1991

 

155. Hogan Q, Haddox JD, Abram S, Weissman D, Taylor ML, Janjan N: Epidural opiates and local anesthetics for the management of cancer pain [see comments]. Pain 46:271-279, 1991

 

156. Hogberg T, Rabow L, Rosenberg P, Simonsen E: The use of chordotomy to treat pain from gynecologic cancer. European Journal of Gynaecological Oncology 10:337-340, 1989

 

157. Hutchinson H, Leedham G, Knight A: Continuous subcutaneous analgesia and antiemetics in domiciliary terminal care. Lancet 2:1279, 1981

 

158. Inkpen T: Metoclopramide-induced extrapyramidal syndromes. Journal Of Palliative Care 9:33-34, 1993

 

159. Inturrisi CE, Portenoy RK, Max MB, Colburn WA, Foley KM: Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic relationships of methadone infusions in patients with cancer pain. Clinical Pharmacology And Therapeutics 47:565-577, 1990

 

160. Ischia S, Ischia A, Polati E, Finco G: Three posterior percutaneous celiac plexus block techniques. A prospective, randomized study in 61 patients with pancreatic cancer pain. Anesthesiology 76:534-540, 1992

 

161. Jones J, Gough D: Coeliac plexus block with alcohol for relief of upper abdominal pain due to cancer. Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England 59:46-49, 1977

 

162. Joss RA, Galeazzi RL, Bischoff A, Do DD, Goldhirsch A, Brunner KW: Levonantradol, a new antiemetic with a high rate of side-effects for the prevention of nausea and vomiting in patients receiving cancer chemotherapy. Cancer Chemotherapy & Pharmacology 9:61-64, 1982

 

163. Kalso E, Vainio A: Morphine and oxycodone hydrochloride in the management of cancer pain. Clinical Pharmacology And Therapeutics 47:639-646, 1990

 

164. Kalso E, Vainio A, Mattila MJ, Rosenberg PH, Seppala T: Morphine and oxycodone in the management of cancer pain: plasma levels determined by chemical and radioreceptor assays. Pharmacology & Toxicology 67:322-328, 1990

 

165. Kane RL, Berstein L, Wales J, Rothenberg R: Hospice effectiveness in controlling pain. JAMA 253:2683-2686, 1985

 

166. Kanpolat Y, Akyar S, Caglar S, Unlu A, Bilgic S: CT-guided percutaneous selective cordotomy. Acta Neurochirurgica 123:92-96, 1993

 

167. Kaplan BZ, Krishnamurthy U, Nori D: Opiate desensitization in a terminally ill cancer patient with pain: physician assisted succor. American Journal of Hospice & Palliative Care 11:34-39, 1994

 

168. Karnofsky DA, Abelmann WH, Craver LF: The use of the nitrogen mustards in the palliative treatment of carcinoma. Cancer 1:634, 1948

 

169. Katz ER, Kellerman J, Ellenberg L: Hypnosis in the reduction of acute pain and distress in children with cancer. Journal of Pediatric Psychology 12:379-394, 1987

 

170. Katz J, Levin AB: Treatment of diffuse metastatic cancer pain by instillation of alcohol into the sella turcica. Anesthesiology 46:115-121, 1977

 

171. Kerr IG, Sone M, Deangelis C, Iscoe N, MacKenzie R, Schueller T: Continuous narcotic infusion with patient-controlled analgesia for chronic cancer pain in outpatients. Annals of Internal Medicine 108:554-557, 1988

 

172. King H, Xiao CS, Wooten DJ: Prolongation of epidural bupivacaine analgesia with glycerin. Canadian Journal Of Anaesthesia 40:431-434, 1993

 

173. Kiss I, Muller H, Abel M: The McGill Pain Questionnaire--German version. A study on cancer pain. Pain 29:195-207, 1987

 

174. Klein DS, Klein PW: Intermittent interpleural injection of bupivacaine and methylprednisolone for analgesia in metastatic thoracic neoplasm. Clinical Journal Of Pain 7:232-236, 1991

 

175. Koerner ME: Using hypnosis to relieve pain of terminal cancer. Hypnosis Q 20:39-46, 1977

 

176. Korevaar WC: Transcatheter thoracic epidural neurolysis using ethyl alcohol. Anesthesiology 69:989-993, 1988

 

177. Korsten HH, Ackerman EW, Grouls RJ, van Zundert AA, Boon WF, Bal F, Ribot JG, Hoefsloot F, Slooff JL: Long-lasting epidural sensory blockade by n-butyl-p-aminobenzoate in the terminally ill intractable cancer pain patient. Anesthesiology 75:950-960, 1991

 

178. Krames ES, Gershow J, Glassberg A, Kenefick T, Lyons A, Taylor P: Continuous infusion of spinally administered narcotics for the relief of pain due to malignant disorders. Cancer 56:696-702, 1985

 

179. Krantz T, Christensen CB: Respiratory depression after intrathecal opioids. Report of a patient receiving long-term epidural opioid therapy. Anaesthesia 42:168-170, 1987

 

180. Kuperman AS, Krieger AJ, Rosomoff HL: Respiratory function after cervical cordotomy. Chest 59(2):128-132, 1971

 

181. Kuttner L, Bowman M, Teasdale M: Psychological treatment of distress, pain, and anxiety for young children with cancer. Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics 9:374-381, 1988

 

182. Kuzucu EY, Derrick WS, Wilber SA: Control of intractable pain with subarachnoid alcohol block. Jama 195:541-544, 1966

 

183. Lahuerta J, Lipton S, Wells JC: Percutaneous cervical cordotomy: results and complications in a recent series of 100 patients. Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England 67:41-44, 1985

 

184. Lang AH, Abbrederis K, Dzien A, Drexel H: Treatment of severe cancer pain by continuous infusion of subcutaneous opioids. Recent Results in Cancer Research 121:51-57, 1991

 

185. LaRossa JT, Strong MS, Melby JC: Endocrinologically incomplete transethmoidal trans-sphenoidal hypophysectomy with relief of bone pain in breast cancer. New England Journal Of Medicine 298:1332-1335, 1978

 

186. Lazarus H, Fitzmartin RD, Goldenheim PD: A multi-investigator clinical evaluation of oral controlled-release morphine (MS Contin tablets) administered to cancer patients. Hospice Journal 6:1-15, 1990

 

187. Lazarus HM, Bryson JC, Lemon E, Pritchard JF, Blumer J: Antiemetic efficacy and pharmacokinetic analyses of the serotonin antagonist ondansetron (GR 38032F) during multiple-day chemotherapy with cisplatin prior to autologous bone marrow transplantation. Journal Of The National Cancer Institute 82:1776-1778, 1990

 

188. Lazorthes Y, Verdie JC, Bastide R, Lavados A, Descouens D: Spinal versus intraventricular chronic opiate administration with implantable drug delivery devices for cancer pain. Applied Neurophysiology 48:234-241, 1985

 

189. Leavens ME, Hill CSJ, Cech DA, Weyland JB, Weston, J-S: Intrathecal and intraventricular morphine for pain in cancer patients: initial study. Journal Of Neurosurgery 56:241-245, 1982

 

190. Lee TL, Kumar A, Baratham G: Intraventricular morphine for intractable craniofacial pain. Singapore Medical Journal 31:273-276, 1990

 

191. Lehr VT, Renaud EA: High transdermal fentanyl requirements in a patient with chronic cancer pain. Annals of Pharmacotherapy 27:575-578, 1993

 

192. Lema MJ, Myers DP, De Leon-Casasola O, Penetrante R: Pleural phenol therapy for the treatment of chronic esophageal cancer pain. Regional Anesthesia 17:166-170, 1992

 

193. Leung JW, Bowen-Wright M, Aveling W, Shorvon PJ, Cotton PB: Coeliac plexus block for pain in pancreatic cancer and chronic pancreatitis. British Journal of Surgery 70:730-732, 1983

 

194. Levin AB, Katz J, Benson RC, Jones AG: Treatment of pain of diffuse metastatic cancer by stereotactic chemical hypophysectomy: long term results and observations on mechanism of action. Neurosurgery 6:258-262, 1980

 

195. Levy MH: Integration of pain management into comprehensive cancer care. Cancer 63:2328-2335, 1989

 

196. Levy MH, Rosen SM, Kedziera P: Transdermal fentanyl: seeding trial in patients with chronic cancer pain. Journal of Pain & Symptom Management 7:S48-S50, 1992

 

197. Levy S, Jacobs S, Johnson J, et al: Transdermal fentanyl: pain and quality of life effects. Proceedings of the American Society of Clinical Oncologists 7:292, 1988(Abstract)

 

198. Lifshitz S, DeBacker LJ, Buchsbaum JS: Subarachnoid phenol block for pain relief in gynecologic malignancy. Obstet Gynecol 48:316-320, 1976

 

199. Lin PM, Gildenberg PL, Polakoff PP: An anterior approach to percutaneous lower cervical cordotomy. Journal of Neurosurgery 36:553-560, 1966

 

200. Lipton S, Miles J, Williams N, Jones NB: Pituitary injection of alcohol for widespread cancer pain. Pain 5:73-82, 1978

 

201. Lobato RD, Madrid JL, Fatela LV, Rivas JJ, Reig E, Lamas E: Intraventricular morphine for control of pain in terminal cancer patients. Journal of Neurosurgery 59:627-633, 1983

 

202. Loeser JD: Dorsal rhizotomy for the relief of chronic pain. Journal of Neurosurgery 36:745-750, 1972

 

203. Longo WE, Ballantyne GH, Bilchik AJ, Modlin IM: Advanced rectal cancer. What is the best palliation? Diseases of the Colon & Rectum 31:842-847, 1988

 

204. Madrid JL, Fatela LV, Lobato RD, Gozalo A: Intrathecal therapy: rationale, technique, clinical results. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica Supplementum 85:60-67, 1987

 

205. Maher RM: Intrathecal chlocresol in the treatment of pain in cancer. Lancet 1:965-967, 1963

 

206. Maloney CM, Kesner RK, Klein G, Bockenstette J: The rectal administration of MS Contin: clinical implications of use in end stage cancer. American Journal Of Hospice Care 6:34-35, 1989

 

207. Massimo L, Haupt R, Zamorani ME: Control of pain with sublingual buprenorphine in children with cancer. European Paediatric Haemotology & Oncology 2:224, 1985(Abstract)

 

208. Matthiessen HV: Pain treatment in gynaecological cancer. Postgraduate Medical Journal 67 Suppl 2:S26-30, 1991

 

209. Maves TJ, Barcellos WA: Management of cancer pain with transdermal fentanyl: phase IV trial, University of Iowa. Journal of Pain & Symptom Management 7:S58-S62, 1992

 

210. Max MB, Inturrisi CE, Kaiko RF, Grabinski PY, Li CH, Foley KM: Epidural and intrathecal opiates: cerebrospinal fluid and plasma profiles in patients with chronic cancer pain. Clinical Pharmacology And Therapeutics 38:631-641, 1985

 

211. McKegney FP, Bailey LR, Yates JW: Prediction and management of pain in patients with advanced cancer. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 3:95-101, 1981

 

212. Mercadante S: Celiac plexus block versus analgesics in pancreatic cancer pain. Pain 52:187-192, 1993

 

213. Mercadante S, Maddaloni S, Roccella S, Salvaggio L: Predictive factors in advanced cancer pain treated only by analgesics. Pain 50:151-155, 1992

 

214. Minotti V, Patoia L, Roila F, Basurto C, Tonato M, Pasqualucci V, Maresca V, Del Favero A: Double-blind evaluation of analgesic efficacy of orally administered diclofenac, nefopam, and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) plus codeine in chronic cancer pain. Pain 36:177-183, 1989

 

215. Miser AW, Davis DM, Hughes CS, Mulne AF, Miser JS: Continuous subcutaneous infusion of morphine in children with cancer. American Journal of Diseases of Children 137:383-385, 1983

 

216. Miser AW, Miser JS, Clark BS: Continuous intravenous infusion of morphine sulfate for control of severe pain in children with terminal malignancy. Journal Of Pediatrics 96:930-932, 1980

 

217. Miser AW, Moore L, Green R: Prospective study of continuous intravenous and subcutaneous morphine infusions for therapy-related or cancer-related pain in children and young adults with cancer. Clinical Journal of Pain 2:101-106, 1986

 

218. Miser AW, Narang PK, Dothage JA, Young RC, Sindelar W, Miser JS: Transdermal fentanyl for pain control in patients with cancer. Pain 37:15-21, 1989

 

219. Moertel CG, Ahmann DL, Taylor WF, Schwartau N: Relief of pain by oral medications. A controlled evaluation of analgesic combinations. Jama 229:55-59, 1974

 

220. Moertel CG, Schutt AJ, Reitmeier RJ, Hahn RG: Corticosteroid therapy of preterminal gastrointestinal cancer. Cancer 33:1607-1609, 1974

 

221. Moulin DE, Johnson NG, Murray-Parsons N, Geoghegan MF, Goodwin VA: Subcutaneous narcotic infusions for cancer pain: treatment outcome and guidelines for use [see comments]. Canadian Medical Association Journal 146:891-897, 1992

 

222. Moulin DE, Kreeft JH, Murray-Parsons N, Bouquillon AI: Comparison of continuous subcutaneous and intravenous hydromorphone infusions for management of cancer pain [see comments]. Lancet 337:465-468, 1991

 

223. Moulin DE, Max MB, Kaiko RF, Inturrisi CE, Maggard J, Yaksh TL: The analgesic efficacy of intrathecal D-Ala2-D-Leu5-enkephalin in cancer patients with chronic pain. Pain 23:213-221, 1985

 

224. Mullin V: Brachial plexus block with phenol for painful arm associated with pancoast's syndrome. Anesthesiology 53:431-433, 1980

 

225. Nahata MC, Miser AW, Miser JS: Analgesic plasma concentrations of morphine in children with terminal malignancy receiving a continuous subcutaneous infusion of morphine sulphate to control severe pain. Pain 18:109-114, 1984

 

226. Nelson KA, Walsh TD: Metoclopramide in anorexia caused by cancer-associated dyspepsia syndrome (CADS). Journal Of Palliative Care 9:14-18, 1993

 

227. Nitescu P, Appelgren L, Linder LE, Sjoberg M, Hultman E, Curelaru I: Epidural versus intrathecal morphine-bupivacaine: assessment of consecutive treatments in advanced cancer pain. Journal of Pain & Symptom Management 5:18-26, 1990

 

228. Noda J, Umeda S, Arai T, Harima A, Mori K: Continuous subcutaneous infusion of buprenorphine for cancer pain control. Clinical Journal Of Pain 5:147-152, 1989

 

229. Nurchi G: Use of intraventricular and intrathecal morphine in intractable pain associated with cancer. Neurosurgery 15:801-803, 1984

 

230. Obbens EA, Hill CS, Leavens ME, Ruthenbeck SS, Otis F: Intraventricular morphine administration for control of chronic cancer pain. Pain 28:61-68, 1987

 

231. Ohlsson L, Rydberg T, Eden T, Persson Y, Thulin L: Cancer pain relief by continuous administration of epidural morphine in a hospital setting and at home. Pain 48:349-353, 1992

 

232. Olness K: Imagery (self-hypnosis) as adjunct therapy in childhood cancer: clinical experience with 25 patients. American Journal of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology 3:313-321, 1981

 

233. Onofrio BM, Yaksh TL: Long-term pain relief produced by intrathecal morphine infusion in 53 patients. Journal of Neurosurgery 72:200-209, 1990

 

234. Onofrio BM, Yaksh TL, Arnold PG: Continuous low-dose intrathecal morphine administration in the treatment of chronic pain of malignant origin. May Clin Proc 56:516-520, 1981

 

235. Osborne R, Thompson P, Joel S, Trew D, Patel N, Slevin M: The analgesic activity of morphine-6-glucuronide. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology 34:130-138, 1992

 

236. Oyama T, Fukushi S, Jin T: Epidural beta-endorphin in treatment of pain. Canadian Anaesthetists Society Journal 29:24-26, 1982

 

237. Pannuti F, Rossi AP, Iafelice G, Marraro D, Camera P, Cricca A, Burroni P, Lapucci L, Fruet F: Control of chronic pain in very advanced cancer patients with morphine hydrochloride administered by oral, rectal and sublingual route. Clinical report and preliminary results on morphine pharmacokinetics. Pharmacological Research Communications 14:369-380, 1982

 

238. Papo I, Visca A: Phenol rhizotomy in the treatment of cancer pain. Anesthesia and Analgesia 53:993-997, 1974

 

239. Patt RB, Jain S: Long-term management of a patient with perineal pain secondary to rectal cancer. Journal of Pain & Symptom Management 5:127-128, 1990

 

240. Patt RB, Hogan LA: Transdermal fentanyl for chronic cancer pain: detailed case reports and the influence of confounding factors. Journal of Pain & Symptom Management 7:S51-S53, 1992

 

241. Penn RD, Paice JA: Chronic intrathecal morphine for intractable pain. Journal of Neurosurgery 67:182-186, 1987

 

242. Penn RD, Paice JA, Gottschalk W, Ivankovich AD: Cancer pain relief using chronic morphine infusion. Early experience with a programmable implanted drug pump. Journal of Neurosurgery 61:302-306, 1984

 

243. Pfeifer BL, Sernaker HL, Ter Horst UM: Pain scores and ventilatory and circulatory sequelae of epidural morphine in cancer patients with and without prior narcotic therapy. Anesthesia & Analgesia 67:838-842, 1988

 

244. Pfeifer BL, Sernaker HL, Ter Horst UM, Porges SW: Cross-tolerance between systemic and epidural morphine in cancer patients. Pain 39:181-187, 1989

 

245. Pilon RN, Baker AR: Chronic pain control by means of an epidural catheter: report of a case with description of the method. Cancer 37:903-905, 1976

 

246. Plancarte R, Amescua C, Patt RB, Aldrete JA: Superior hypogastric plexus block for pelvic cancer pain. Anesthesiology 73:236-239, 1990

 

247. Plummer JL, Cherry DA, Cousins MJ, Gourlay GK, Onley MM, Evans KH: Long-term spinal administration of morphine in cancer and non-cancer pain: a retrospective study. Pain 44:215-220, 1991

 

248. Poletti CE, Cohen AM, Todd DP, Ojemann RG, Sweet WH, Zervas NT: Cancer pain relieved by long-term epidural morphine with permanent indwelling systems for self-administration. Journal Of Neurosurgery 55:581-584, 1981

 

249. Popiela T, Lucchi R, Giongo F: Methylprednisolone as palliative therapy for female terminal cancer patients. Eur J Cancer Clin Oncol 25:1823-1829, 1989

 

250. Portenoy RK, Moulin DE, Rogers A, Inturrisi CE, Foley KM: I.v. infusion of opioids for cancer pain: clinical review and guidelines for use. Cancer Treatment Reports 70:575-581, 1986

 

251. Portenoy RK, Southam MA, Gupta SK, Lapin J, Layman M, Inturrisi CE: Transdermal fentanyl for cancer pain. Repeated dose pharmacokinetics. Anesthesiology 78:36-43, 1993

 

252. Puglisi G, Garagiola U: Pirprofen and pentazocine in the treatment of cancer pain. Curr Ther Res 45:333-338, 1989(Abstract)

 

253. Redd WH, Jacobsen PB, Die Trill M, Dermatis H, McEvoy M, Holland JC: Cognitive/attentional distraction in the control of conditioned nausea in pediatric cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Journal Of Consulting And Clinical Psychology 55:391-395, 1987

 

254. Richlin DM, Jamron LM, Novick NL: Cancer pain control with a combination of methadone, amitriptyline, and non-narcotic analgesic therapy: a case series analysis. Journal of Pain & Symptom Management 2:89-94, 1987

 

255. Rocco AG, Chan V, Iacobo C: An algorithm for the treatment of pain in advanced cancer. Hospice J 5(3/4):93-103, 1989

 

256. Rodrigues N, Pereira ER: Tramadol in cancer pain. Current Therapeutic Research 46:1142-1148, 1989

 

257. Rodriquez-Bigas M, Petrelli NJ, Herrera L, West C: Intrathecal phenol rhizotomy for management of pain in recurrent unresectable carcinoma of the rectum. Surg Gynecol Obstet 173:41-44, 1991

 

258. Rogers AG: The use of continuous subcutaneous infusions of narcotics in chronic cancer pain. Journal of Pain & Symptom Management 2:167-168, 1987

 

259. Rogers AG: Home intravenous opioid therapy in a toddler with advanced cancer. Journal of Pain & Symptom Management 4:230-231, 1989

 

260. Roila F, Tonato M, Cognetti F: Prevention of CDDP induced emesis: a double blind multi-center randomized crossover study comparing ondansetron and ondansetron + dexamethasone. J Clin Oncol 9:675-678, 1991

 

261. Rosas GM, Bruera E: Palliative care in Mexico: celiac-plexus block for incidental visceral pain. Journal of Palliative Care 9:35-36, 1993(Abstract)

 

262. Rosomoff HL: Bilateral percutaneous cervical radiofrequency cordotomy. Journal of Neurosurgery 31:41-46, 1969

 

263. Rosomoff HL, Krieger AJ, Kuperman AS: Effects of percutaneous cervical cordotomy on pulmonary function. Journal of Neurosurgery 31:620-627, 1969

 

264. Salmon JB, Finch PM, Lovegrove FT, Warwick A: Mapping the spread of epidural phenol in cancer pain patients by radionuclide admixture and epidural scintigraphy. Clinical Journal of Pain 8:18-22, 1992

 

265. Samuelsson H, Ekman R, Hedner T: CSF neuropeptides in cancer pain: effects of spinal opioid therapy. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica 37:502-508, 1993

 

266. Samuelsson H, Hedner T: Pain characterization in cancer patients and the analgetic response to epidural morphine. Pain 46:3-8, 1991

 

267. Samuelsson H, Hedner T, Venn R, Michalkiewicz A: CSF and plasma concentrations of morphine and morphine glucuronides in cancer patients receiving epidural morphine. Pain 52:179-185, 1993

 

268. Samuelsson H, Nordberg G, Hedner T, Lindqvist J: CSF and plasma morphine concentrations in cancer patients during chronic epidural morphine therapy and its relation to pain relief. Pain 30:303-310, 1987

 

269. Sandouk P, Serrie A, Urtizberea M, Debray M, Got P, Scherrmann JM: Morphine pharmacokinetics and pain assessment after intracerebroventricular administration in patients with terminal cancer. Clinical Pharmacology And Therapeutics 49:442-448, 1991

 

270. Saris SC, Silver JM, Vieira JFS, Nashold BS, Jr. Sacrococcygeal rhizotomy for perineal pain. Neurosurgery 19:789-793, 1986

 

271. Schoeffler P, Pichard E, Ramboatiana R, Joyon D, Haberer JP: Bacterial meningitis due to infection of a lumbar drug release system in patients with cancer pain. Pain 25:75-77, 1986

 

272. Schug SA, Zech D, Dorr U: Cancer pain management according to WHO analgesic guidelines. Journal of Pain & Symptom Management 5:27-32, 1990

 

273. Schug SA, Zech D, Grond S, Jung H, Meuser T, Stobbe B: A long-term survey of morphine in cancer pain patients. Journal of Pain & Symptom Management 7:259-266, 1992

 

274. Schultheiss R, Schramm J, Neidhardt J: Dose changes in long- and medium-term intrathecal morphine therapy of cancer pain. Neurosurgery 31:664-9; discussion 669, 1992

 

275. Sharp KW, Stevens EJ: Improving palliation in pancreatic cancer: intraoperative celiac plexus block for pain relief. Southern Medical Journal 84:469-471, 1991

 

276. Shaves M, Barnhill D, Bosscher J, Remmenga S, Hahn M, Park R: Indwelling epidural catheters for pain control in gynecologic cancer patients. Obstetrics And Gynecology 77:642-644, 1991

 

277. Shetter AG, Hadley MN, Wilkinson E: Administration of intraspinal morphine sulfate for the treatment of intractable cancer pain. Neurosurgery 18:740-747, 1986

 

278. Shir Y, Shapira SS, Shenkman Z, Kaufman B, Magora F: Continuous epidural methadone treatment for cancer pain. Clinical Journal of Pain 7:339-341, 1991

 

279. Simon NL, Orr JW, Jr., Hatch KD, Shingleton HM: Lower extremity edema due to deep vein thrombosis in patients with recurrent cervix cancer. Gynecologic Oncology 19:30-33, 1984

 

280. Singler RC: An improved technique for alcohol neurolysis of the celiac plexus. Anesthesiology 56:137-141, 1982

 

281. Sjoberg M, Appelgren L, Einarsson S, Hultman E, Linder LE, Nitescu P: Long-term intrathecal morphine and bupivacaine in "refractory" cancer pain. I. Results from the first series of 52 patients. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica 35:30-43, 1991

 

282. Sjoberg M, Karlsson PA, Nordborg C, Wallgren A, Nitescu P, AppelgrenL., Linder LE, Curelaru I: Neuropathologic findings after long-term intrathecal infusion of morphine and bupivacaine for pain treatment in cancer patients [see comments]. Anesthesiology 76:173-186, 1992

 

283. Sjoberg M, Nitescu P, Appelgren L, Curelaru I: Long-term intrathecal morphine and bupivacaine in patients with refractory cancer pain. Results from a morphine:bupivacaine dose regimen of 0.5:4.75 mg/ml. Anesthesiology 80:284-297, 1994

 

284. Sjogren P, Banning A: Pain, sedation and reaction time during long-term treatment of cancer patients with oral and epidural opioids. Pain 39:5-11, 1989

 

285. Sloan PA: Neuropathic cancer-related pain. Journal of Palliative Care 7:44-46, 1991

 

286. Sloman R, Brown P, Aldana E, Chee E: The use of relaxation for the promotion of comfort and pain relief in persons with advanced cancer [see comments]. Contemporary Nurse 3:6-12, 1994

 

287. Smith KA, Frank E: Stereotaxic placement of a ventricular catheter and reservoir for the administration of morphine sulfate. Axone 13:12-15, 1991

 

288. Spiegel D, Bloom JR: Group therapy and hypnosis reduce metastatic breast carcinoma pain. Psychosomatic Medicine 45:333-339, 1983

 

289. Spiegel D, Bloom JR, Kraemer HC, Gottheil E: Effect of psychosocial treatment on survival of patients with metastatic breast cancer [see comments]. Lancet 2:888-891, 1989

 

290. Squier R, Morrow JS, Roman R: Pain therapy for pancreatic carcinoma with neurolytic celiac plexus block. Connecticut Medicine 53:269-271, 1989

 

291. Stambaugh J, Drew J: A double-blind parallel evaluation of the efficacy and safety of a single dose of ketoprofen in cancer pain. Journal Of Clinical Pharmacology 28:S34-9, 1988

 

292. Stambaugh JEJ, Sarajian C: Analgesic efficacy of zomepirac sodium in patients with pain due to cancer. Journal Of Clinical Pharmacology 21:501-507, 1981

 

293. Stoll HR: Effective pain control in cancer patients in the home care setting. Recent Results In Cancer Research 121:36-42, 1991

 

294. Stovner J, Endresen R: Intrathecal phenol for cancer pain. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica 16:17-21, 1972

 

295. Stuart G, Cramond T: Role of percutaneous cervical cordotomy for pain of malignant origin. Medical Journal of Australia 158:667-670, 1993

 

296. Stuart GJ, Davey EB, Wight SE: Continuous intravenous morphine infusions for terminal pain control: a retrospective review. Drug Intelligence & Clinical Pharmacy 20:968-972, 1986

 

297. Su CF, Liu MY, Lin MT: Intraventricular morphine produces pain relief, hypothermia, hyperglycaemia and increased prolactin and growth hormone levels in patients with cancer pain. Journal Of Neurology 235:105-108, 1987

 

298. Swanson G, Smith J, Bulich R, New P, Shiffman R: Patient-controlled analgesia for chronic cancer pain in the ambulatory setting: a report of 117 patients. Journal of Clinical Oncology 7:1903-1908, 1989

 

299. Swerdlow M: Intrathecal phenol for cancer pain. Anaesthesia 28:297-301, 1973

 

300. Syrjala KL, Cummings C, Donaldson GW: Hypnosis or cognitive behavioral training for the reduction of pain and nausea during cancer treatment: a controlled clinical trial [see comments]. Pain 48:137-146, 1992

 

301. Takagi Y, Koyama T, Yamamoto Y: Subarachnoid neurolytic block with 15% phenol glycerine in the treatment of cancer pain. Pain supp 4:s133, 1995(Abstract)

 

302. Takeda F: Results of field testing in Japan WHO draft interim guidelines on relief of cancer pain. Pain-Clinic 1:83-89, 1986(Abstract)

 

303. Takeda F, Fujii T, Uki J, Fuse Y, Tozawa R, Kitani Y, Fujita T: Cancer pain relief and tumor regression by means of pituitary neuroadenolysis and surgical hypophysectomy. Neurologia Medico-Chirurgica 23:41-49, 1983

 

304. Takeda F, Uki J, Fuse Y, Kitani Y, Fujita T: The pituitary as a target of antalgic treatment of chronic cancer pain: a possible mechanism of pain relief through pituitary neuroadenolysis. Neurological Research 8:194-200, 1986

 

305. Tanelian DL, Cousins MJ: Failure of epidural opioid to control cancer pain in a patient previously treated with massive doses of intravenous opioid. Pain 36:359-362, 1989

 

306. Thompson GE, Moore DC, Bridenbaugh LD, Artin RY: Abdominal pain and alcohol celiac plexus nerve block. Anesthesia & Analgesia 56:1-5, 1977

 

307. Time P, Brown RS: When the cancer patient presents intractable pain. A new method for managing the chronic/acute pain complex. American Journal of Hospice Care 3:28-32, 1986

 

308. Tong D, Gillick L, Hendrickson FR: The palliation of symptomatic osseous metastases: final results of the Study by the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group. Cancer 50:893-899, 1982

 

309. Twycross RG: Pruritus and pain in en cuirass breast cancer [letter]. Lancet 2:696, 1981

 

310. Vainio A, Tigerstedt I: Opioid treatment for radiating cancer pain: oral administration vs. epidural techniques. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica 32:179-185, 1988

 

311. Van Dongen RT, Crul BJ, De Bock M: Long-term intrathecal infusion of morphine and morphine/bupivacaine mixtures in the treatment of cancer pain: a retrospective analysis of 51 cases. Pain 55:119-123, 1993

 

312. van Holten-Verzantvoort AT, Zwinderman AH, Aaronson NK, Hermans J, vanEmmerik B, van Dam FS, van den Bos B, Bijvoet OL, Cleton FJ: The effect of supportive pamidronate treatment on aspects of quality of life of patients with advanced breast cancer. European Journal of Cancer 27:544-549, 1991

 

313. Vanier MC, Labrecque G, Lepage-Savary D, Poulin E, Provencher L: Comparison of hydromorphone continuous subcutaneous infusion and basal rate subcutaneous infusion plus PCA in cancer pain: a pilot study. Pain 53:27-32, 1993

 

314. Vargha ZO, Glickman AS, Boland J: Single-dose radiation therapy in the palliation of metastatic disease. Radiology 93:1181-1184, 1969

 

315. Vecht CJ, Hoff AM, Kansen PJ, de Boer MF, Bosch DA: Types and causes of pain in cancer of the head and neck. Cancer 70:178-184, 1992

 

316. Ventafridda GV, Caraceni AT, Sbanotto AM, Barletta L, De Conno F: Pain treatment in cancer of the pancreas. European Journal of Surgical Oncology 16:1-6, 1990

 

317. Ventafridda V, De Conno F, Panerai AE, Maresca V, Monza GC, RipamontiC. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs as the first step in cancer pain therapy: double-blind, within-patient study comparing nine drugs. Journal of International Medical Research 18:21-29, 1990

 

318. Ventafridda V, De Conno F, Ripamonti C, Gamba A, Tamburini M: Quality-of-life assessment during a palliative care programme [see comments]. Annals of Oncology 1:415-420, 1990

 

319. Ventafridda V, De Conno F, Vigano A, Ripamonti C, Gallucci M, GambaA. Comparison of home and hospital care of advanced cancer patients. Tumori 75:619-625, 1989

 

320. Ventafridda V, Ripamonti C, Bianchi M, Sbanotto A, De Conno F: A randomized study on oral administration of morphine and methadone in the treatment of cancer pain. Journal of Pain & Symptom Management 1:203-207, 1986

 

321. Ventafridda V, Ripamonti C, De Conno F, Bianchi M, Pazzuconi F, Panerai AE: Antidepressants increase bioavailability of morphine in cancer patients [letter]. Lancet 1:1204, 1987

 

322. Ventafridda V, Ripamonti C, De Conno F, Tamburini M, Cassileth BR: Symptom prevalence and control during cancer patients' last days of life [see comments]. Journal of Palliative Care 6:7-11, 1990

 

323. Ventafridda V, Tamburini M, Caraceni A, De Conno F, Naldi F: A validation study of the WHO method for cancer pain relief. Cancer 59:850-856, 1987

 

324. Ventafridda V, Tamburini M, Selmi S, Valera L, De Conno F: The importance of a home care program for patients with advanced cancer pain. Tumori 71:449-454, 1985

 

325. Vijayaram S, Bhargava K, Ramamani., Chandrasekhar., Sudharshan.Heranjal R, Lobo B: Experience with oral morphine for cancer pain relief. Journal of Pain & Symptom Management 4:130-134, 1989

 

326. Wahner HW, Kyle RA, Beabout JW: Scintigraphic evaluation of the skeleton in multiple myeloma. Mayo Clinic Proceedings 55:739-746, 1980

 

327. Waldman SD, Feldstein GS, Allen ML, Landers M, Turnage G: Cervical epidural implantable narcotic delivery systems in the management of upper body cancer pain. Anesthesia & Analgesia 66:780-782, 1987

 

328. Walker VA, Hoskin PJ, Hanks GW, White ID: Evaluation of WHO analgesic guidelines for cancer pain in a hospital-based palliative care unit. Journal Of Pain And Symptom Management 3:145-149, 1988

 

329. Walsh M, Brescia FJ: Clinitron therapy and pain management in advanced cancer patients. Journal Of Pain And Symptom Management 5:46-50, 1990

 

330. Walsh TD, Saunders CM: Hospice care: the treatment of pain in advanced cancer. Recent Results in Cancer Research 89:201-211, 1984

 

331. Wang JK: Pain relief by intrathecally applied morphine in man. Anesthesiology 50/2:149-154, 1979

 

332. Wang JK: Intrathecal morphine for intractable pain secondary to cancer of pelvic organs. Pain 21:99-102, 1985

 

333. Ward SE, Goldberg N, Miller-McCauley V, Mueller C, Nolan A, Robbins A, Stormoen D, Weissman DE: Patient-related barriers to management of cancer pain. Pain 52:319-324, 1993

 

334. Waterman NG, Hughes S, Foster WS: Control of cancer pain by epidural infusion of morphine. Surgery 110:612-4; discussion 614, 1991

 

335. Watson PN, Evans RJ: Intractable pain with lung cancer. Pain 29:163-173, 1987

 

336. Weigl K, Mundinger F, Chrubasik J: Continuous intraventricular morphine- or peptide-infusion for intractable cancer pain. Acta Neurochirurgica - Supplementum 39:163-165, 1987

 

337. Wen HL, Mehal ZD, Ong BH, Ho WK: Treatment of pain in cancer patients by intrathecal administration of dynorphin. Peptides 8:191-193, 1987

 

338. Wenk R, Diaz C, Echeverria M, Aparicio A, Bertucelli N, Courtalon M, De Felipe M, Ocariz J, Cl'erici M, Pacini T: Argentina's WHO Cancer Pain Relief Program: a patient care model. Journal Of Pain And Symptom Management 6:40-43, 1991

 

339. Wermeling DP, Foster TS, Record KE, Chalkley JE: Drug delivery for intractable cancer pain. Use of a new disposable parenteral infusion device for continuous outpatient epidural narcotic infusion. Cancer 60:875-878, 1987

 

340. Wilkinson TJ, Robinson BA, Begg EJ, Duffull SB, Ravenscroft PJ: Pharmacokinetics and efficacy of rectal versus oral sustained-release morphine in cancer patients. Cancer Chemotherapy & Pharmacology 31:251-254, 1992

 

341. Willox JC, Corr J, Shaw J, Richardson M, Calman KC: Prednisolone as an appetite stimulant in patients with cancer. British Medical Journal 288:27, 1984

 

342. Yablonski-Peretz T, Klin B, Beilin Y, Warner E, Baron S, Olshwang D: Continuous epidural narcotic analgesia for intractable pain due to malignancy. Journal of Surgical Oncology 29:8-10, 1985

 

343. Yajnik S, Singh GP, Singh G, Kumar M: Phenytoin as a coanalgesic in cancer pain. Journal of Pain & Symptom Management 7:209-213, 1992

 

344. Yanagida H, Corssen G, Trouwborst A, Erdmann W: Relief of cancer pain in man: alcohol-induced neuroadenolysis vs. electrical stimulation of the pituitary gland. Pain 19:133-141, 1984

 

345. Yoshii N, Mizokami T, Ushikubo T, Kuramitsu T, Fukuda S: Long-term follow-up study after pulvinotomy for intractable pain. Applied Neurophysiology 43:128-132, 1980

 

346. Zech D, Dauer HG, Stollenwerk B, Lehmann KA: PCA and TTS fentanyl in the treatment of cancer pain. Pain supp 5:s356, 1990(Abstract)

 

347. Zech DF, Grond SU, Lynch J, Dauer HG, Stollenwerk B, Lehmann KA: Transdermal fentanyl and initial dose-finding with patient-controlled analgesia in cancer pain. A pilot study with 20 terminally ill cancer patients. Pain 50:293-301, 1992

 

348. Zeltzer L, LeBaron S: Hypnosis and nonhypnotic techniques for reduction of pain and anxiety during painful procedures in children and adolescents with cancer. Journal of Pediatrics 101:1032-1035, 1982

 

349. Zenz M: Epidural opiates for the treatment of cancer pain. Recent Results In Cancer Research 89:107-114, 1984

 

350. Zenz M, Piepenbrock S, Tryba M: Epidural opiates: long-term experiences in cancer pain. Klinische Wochenschrift 63:225-229, 1985